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Abstract
The celiac axis (the celiac artery and the superior mesenteric artery) and its branches are among the most important vessels from a surgical, anatomical and anthropological point of view. The author dissected twelve Ainu cadavers and studied the mode of branching of the celiac axis after the model of Morita (1935), and also examined the aberrant hepatic arteries, the origin of the cystic artery, the gastroduodenal artery and the right gastric artery. The data was compared statistically with those of Japanese, Chinese and Europeans reported by various previous investigators. The findings are as follows ; 1) There is no racial difference with regard to the mode of branching of the celiac axis. 2) The accessory hepatic artery is present with a remarkable high frequency in the Ainu (75.0%), and in Europeans the frequency (34.7%) is higher than in the Japanese and Chinese. 3) The incidence of the replaced hepatic artery is distinctively high in Europeans (16.8%). 4) Generally, the cystic artery arises from the right hepatic artery, however, in the Ainu, the cystic artery arising from the accessory right hepatic artery shows the highest percentage (47.7%). The incidence of the dual cystic artery shows no racial difference. 5) The gastroduodenal artery generally arises from the common hepatic artery in the above four races, however, in Europeans it is noticeable that the frequency is relatively low. 6) The origin of the right gastric artery shows its own characteristics in each race. In the Ainu it is most commonly seen that the artery arises from the gastroduodenal artery.
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