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The Nakaoyama tumulus is a terminal burial mound located in Asuka Village, Takaichi County, Nara Prefecture, and its unique burial chamber, Yokoguchi-shiki sekkaku (stone sarcophagus with side entrance), has been the focus of attention in academic circles since early times. In the Edo period (1603-1868), it was considered a strong candidate, along with the Takamatsuzuka tumulus, as the mausoleum of the Emperor Monmu due to its location and characteristics. In fiscal 2020, the Asuka Village Board of Education and the Archaeology Laboratory of Kansai University jointly conducted a range confirmation survey to elucidate the structure of the Nakaoyama tumulus, which is a component of the "Asuka-Fujiwara: Archaeological sites of Japan's Ancient Capitals and Related Properties" aiming to be registered as a World Heritage Site. As a result, it was found that the Nakaoyama Tumulus had an octagonal burial mound with a three-tiered structure, and stones were piled up on the first and second tiers, while the burial mound was formed by rammed earth on the third tier. In addition, it was confirmed that there were three laps of stone paving around the mound. The purpose of this paper is to trace the process of research on the Nakaoyama burial mound up to the present day, to give an overview of the results, and to present issues for future research on terminal-period burial mounds.
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