Ainu’s Identity, Historical Struggle, and Ethnic-Revitalization Movements

バックリー 節子

タイトル	en Ainu’s Identity, Historical Struggle, and Ethnic-Revitalization Movements
その他のタイトル	ja アイヌアイデンティティ、歴史的闘争、及び民族復活運動
作成者	バックリー, 節子
権利情報	CC BY-NC-ND
主題	Other アイヌ文化，先住民族，文化伝承，先住権, 民族復活運動 Other Ainu culture, indigenous people, culture tradition, indigenous rights, ethnic-revitalization movements
内容注記	Other 日本は単一民族社会だと考えられてきたが，この数十年，論争が起こっている。人種，民族の純粋さを重視する日本の排他主義は，日本が島国であり，鎖国政策によって日本人特有の感覚が培われてきた為に生じた。アイヌは元来白系だとみなされ，他の日本人と異なる為，政府の同化政策によって抑圧されてきたが，事実，アイヌは民族文化を持つ日本の先住民族である。２００７年の国連総会でアイヌが日本の先住民族であると承認され，翌年日本政府も事実を認めた。しかし，アイヌへの偏見差別，経済，社会，教育問題は未解決であり，アイヌに関する研究も少ない。本論文ではアイヌと日本人アイデンティティを比較し，経済不平等，階級差別へのアイヌの歴史的闘争を検証し，アイヌ民族復活運動を分析する。本研究により，教育者がアイヌアイデンティティ，文化伝承，歴史及びアイヌ民族復活運動の理解と知識を深め，積極的にアイヌの人権尊重に取り組むことを願う。 Other Japan is thought to be a racially and ethnically monolingual, homogeneous society. However, the notion of Japan’s homogeneity has been controversial for decades. Japan’s ethnocentrism derives from the fact that Japaneseness has been developed because Japan geographically is an island country and historically had closed the country to keep it secure. Thus the purity of Japaneseness relating to race and ethnicity became crucial. Ainu were said to be of Caucasian roots, now disproven with no racial affinity to the Japanese. In fact, Ainu are indigenous people of Japan and the Ainu culture was formed centuries ago. However, Ainu had suffered from assimilation to the mainstream culture and oppressions due to their biological and ethnic differences from the rest of the Japanese. After their historical struggles, the United Nations finally affirmed in 2007 that the Ainu are indigenous people of Japan, followed by the approval of the Japanese government in 2008. However, today there still remain prejudice and discrimination against Ainu and economic, social, and educational issues. Little research has been conducted concerning human rights issues of Ainu within a global context. This paper will 1) compare Ainu’s identity with Japan’s national identity in relation to Japaneseness; 2) examine Ainu’s historical struggle of economic inequality and social stratification; and 3) analyze Ainu’s ethnic-revitalization movements concerning human rights. Today people still lack of understanding of Ainu’s identity, cultural tradition, and history. Thus, this study will benefit educators providing them with knowledge of and positive attitudes toward the Ainu and their ethnic-vitalization movements.
出版者	国際基督教大学 International Christian University
日付	Created2021-04-07 , Issued2021-03-31
言語	eng
資源タイプ	departmental bulletin paper
出版タイプ	NA
資源識別子	URI http://id.nii.ac.jp/1130/00004793/ , DOI https://doi.org/10.34577/00004793
ID	JaLC 10.34577/00004793
収録誌情報	ISSN 0452-3318 国際基督教大学学報. I-A 教育研究 = Educational Studies 巻63 開始ページ79 終了ページ86
ファイル	https://icu.repo.nii.ac.jp/?action=repository_action_common_download&item_id=5004&item_no=1&attribute_id=22&file_no=1
コンテンツ更新日時	2023-06-26