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type:Article
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This paper attempts to examine a relation between“expression"and“norm,"a relation between“representation"and“symbol,"by scrutinizing some concrete cases such as aesthetic styles (Iki and Amae), evaluative patterns (noblesse oblige concepts in Ortega, Hagakure, Bushido and Mishima), representation-images (memories of incident and disaster), and symbolic structures(Kata of Kabuki and Kata Culture). Thus, the four (theoretical) themes of cultural sociology, and the two relations among them could be presented. The process of discussion as follows. First, theme of Expressive Culture is discussed. Iki and Amae are oppositional pattern of expressive culture in terms of interaction pattern (Dualism-Orientation / Communion-Orientation), aesthetic standard (Affective Neutrality /Affectivity), moral standard (Self-Orientation / Collectivity-Orientation), and institutional standard (Universalism / Particularism). Secondly, theme of noblesse oblige as a combination of Expressive Culture and Normative Culture is discussed. As a result, it may be said that on the one hand, noblesse oblige has an ascetic and obligatory aspect, but on the other hand, an active and expressive aspect. Thirdly, theme of collective memory ( representational culture) of incident and disaster. One of memories of“Ako Vendetta"had been constructed as“Gishi or Loyal Retainer"within the “Samurai honor culture"framework. And a memory of “Isewan Typhoon"had been constructed within“Kutsu Mound"framework composed of various ideas and images. Fourthly, theme of opposition and crossing of representation s, in other words, theme of opposition and crossing of“Ichibun or Honor"and“Kousyokuyosei or Love Affection."Kabuki media as Kata drama connote the aesthetic forms of oppositions found in Chūshingura and Sonezakishinjuu. From the above discussions it follows that we must regard the action-theoretic relation between the expressive and the normative, and, the semiotic-symbolic relation between the representational and the symbolic as the main themes of cultural sociology.
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