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Title
  • en Seasonal efficiency of a hybrid sub-surface flow constructed wetland system in treating milking parlor wastewater at northern Hokkaido
Creator
    • en Sharma, Pradeep Kumar
    • en Kato, Kunihiko
    • en Ietsugu, Hidehiro
    • en Tomita, Kunihiko
    • en Nagasawa, Tetsuaki
Accessrights open access
Subject
  • Other en Hybrid sub-surface CWs
  • Other en Cold climate
  • Other en Seasonal variation
  • Other en Milking parlor wastewater
  • NDC 614
Description
  • Abstract en This paper presents the effects of seasonal variations on the purification and removal efficiencies of a hybrid sub-surface CW system (VF-VF-HF) treating milking parlor wastewater at northern Hokkaido, Japan. VF(a) and VF(b) are gravel beds, each 160 m(2) in size whereas HF is sand bed and 336 m(2) in size. Daily mean air temperature at site showed a difference of 16 degrees C between warm (May-October) and cold (November-April) periods. Average influent concentrations for cold and warm periods were: CODCr: 3749 and 4988 mg L-1; BOD5: 1637 and 1395 mg L-1; TSS: 661 and 862 mg L-1; TN: 161 and 194 mg L-1; TP: 23.9 and 31.9 mg L-1 and total carbon: 1212 and 1715 mg L-1. Average purification rates of BOD5, TSS, TP, PO4-P and total carbon fluctuated <2.5% between both periods. However purification rates of NH4-N and Organic-P decreased by 9.5% and 12% respectively during warm period. Average removal rates of TSS and BOD5 were unaffected between both periods, while that of CODCr, TN, total carbon increased by 3-4% during warm period. Hybrid sub-surface CW system achieved purification and removal rates of >95% for TSS and total coliform; >89% for CODCr and BOD5; >76% for TN and >72% for TP during both cold and warm periods. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Publisher en ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
Date
    Issued2013-04
Language
  • eng
Resource Type journal article
Version Type AM
Identifier HDL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/53736
Relation
  • isVersionOf DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2012.12.054
Journal
    • PISSN 0925-8574
      • en ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
      • Volume Number53 Page Start257 Page End266
File
Oaidate 2023-07-26